$cat foo
apple
apple
pear
pear
zucchini
zucchini
eggplant
eggplant
potato
potato

$cat bar
#!/usr/bin/perl
$map{'apple'} = 'fruit';
$map{'pear'} = 'fruit';
$map{'zucchini'} = 'vegetable';
$map{'eggplant'} = 'vegetable';
$map{'potato'} = 'vegetable';

open FILE, "foo" or die$!;
my @lines = <FILE>;

while (my $line = <FILE>)
{
chomp;
print "$map($_)\n";