#!/usr/bin/perl
use warnings;
use strict;

while ( defined( my $location = <DATA> ) ) {
    chomp $location;
    print $1, $/ if ( $location =~ m{(?<=:)(?:.-)?(.+?)$} );
}

__DATA__
$names = Location:G-Canada

$names = Location:Germany

$names = Location:p-Australia

$names = Location:e-Britain

$names = Location:USA

$names = Location:c-India

$names = Location:Netherlands

$names = Location:r-China

$names = Location:North Korea

$names = Location:Vatican City

$names = Location:South Sudan

$names = Location:Timor Leste

$names = Location:Papua New Guinea