#!/usr/bin/perl

use strict;

my $test = 'The brown fox int(10) over float(200) fence.';

my %dict = ( 'brown'      => 'yellow',
             /int(\d+)/   => 'int',
             /float(\d+)/ => 'float',
           );

for my $i (keys %dict) {
    $test =~ s/($i)/$dict{$i}/gi;
}

print "$test\n";