populating a HoA with regexp

[asqwerty]

Hello Monks,

I have a file with a single column of words like this:

brain0001
lung0001
brain00002
kidney0003
brain00003

I need to put this words into a hash of arrays, separated by its category (brain, lung, kidney), so I wrote this code:

$data = "mydata.list";

@pref = ("brain", "lung", "kidney");

%dfs = map {$_ => ()} @pref;

open DF, "<$data";
while(my $line=<DF>){
    chomp($line);
    foreach $pat (@pref){
        push @{$dfs{$pat}},$line if ($line=~/$pat/);
    }
}
close DF;

This code actually works and populate the hash in the right way. However, I think the foreach loop can be replaced with a single line.

How can I do this?