note shotgunefx Unless I want the behavior, I usually call a code ref with <br><code>$ref->();</code><br> Probably 9 out of 10 times you can get away with it but it can product subtle bugs. I wasn't originally aware of the implied passing of @_ and it was never a problem.. until. <br><br> -Lee <br><br> "To be civilized is to deny one's nature." 154190 154198