note Limbic~Region [bofh_of_oz], <br /> Ok, I am a big advocator of using the [doc://strict] and [doc://warnings] pragmas as well as the [doc://diagnostics] when necessary. With that said, how does a novice distinguish between a warning an error. Consider the following 1 liner <CODE> perl -e "my $foo; my $bar = 3; $bar += $foo; print $bar" versus perl -Mwarnings -e "my $foo; my $bar = 3; $bar += $foo; print $bar" </CODE> Perl's DWYMery silently converts undef to 0 for us without warnings producing the correct answer in both cases but with warnings it <i>warns</i> me of a <i>potential</i> problem. In fact, Perl isn't consistent in its warnings: <CODE> # ++ is a short cut for $foo = $foo + 1 perl -Mwarnings -e "my $foo; $foo++; print $foo" </CODE> <div class="pmsig"><div class="pmsig-180961"> <p> Cheers - [Limbic~Region|L~R] </p> </div></div> 482733 482954