Now you know why
XML::Simple says
The use of this module in new code is discouraged. Other modules are available which provide more straightforward and consistent interfaces. In particular, XML::LibXML is highly recommended.
You can solve your issues by using the ForceArray option to XMLin:
my $data = XMLin($xml_string, ForceArray => 1);
for my $inf (@{ $data->{SellerInformation} }) {
print $inf->{Seller}[0]{sellerIdFromProvider}, "\n";
for my $location (@{ $inf->{TaxableLocationsCollection}[0]{Taxable
+Location} }) {
print "\t", $location->{locationValue}, "\n";
}
}