http://www.perlmonks.org?node_id=746212


in reply to History of Perl expansion

"Perl" itself came first, after Larry decided not to name the language after his wife (Gloria), he dismissed all three letter words from the dictionary, and dropped Pearl because there was already a language with that name.

The backronyms you mention date from a later, but not much later - they are both mentioned in the manual page that came with perl 1.