use Exception::Class ( 'MyException', ^^^^^^^^^^^ #1 'AnotherException' => { isa => 'MyException' }, ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^ ^^^^^^^^^^^ #2 & 3 'YetAnotherException' => { ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^ #4 isa => 'AnotherException', ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^ #5 description => 'These exceptions are related to IPC' }, 'ExceptionWithFields' => { ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^ #6 isa => 'YetAnotherException', #7 ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^ fields => [ 'grandiosity', 'quixotic' ], alias => 'throw_fields', }, );