my %keys = (
  AudioLevel => [qw(StreamNumber StreamPosition AudioLevel)],
  Phoneme    => [qw(StreamNumber StreamPosition Duration NextPhoneId Feature CurrentPhoneId)],
  # ...
);
if ($keys{$hash{'eventName'}})
{
  @hash{@{$keys{$hash{'eventName'}}}} = @_[2..$#_];
}
else
{
  die "unknown event $hash{'eventName'}";
}