Python automatically switches to unlimited number size internal storage for numbers bigger than the registers of the CPU as any good object oriented programming language should.

J let's you specify the precision you want or full precision which is probably what you mean.

You may want to introduce yourself to the tacit programming of the functional programming language J at jsoftware.com. Tacit programming infers the variables based on the position of the functions so that the input can be the result of another function or the original input based on positioning. It's a bit more complicated than that but Haskell as the type constricted mess it is right now is a poor representative of what functional programming is. Haskell makes the simple verbose. I'm currently trying to get my head around Gerunds in J as a way of performing all the operations before the branching logic or refactoring the logic flow to find the use case to use Gerunds. I think I have to step up my J to using adverbs and performing my actions on verbs first. Verbs = functions.

At it's root functional programming is y = f(x) where x can be an array or a single item. Some programming languages like R simplify this by allowing the use of mathematical notation and forcing single items to be 1 dimensional arrays of length 1.