On Saturday, June 23rd, Damian Conway had a little free for all free-for-all workshop that he gave at College of DuPage in Wheaton, IL. He talked about a ton of different Perl topics, all of them enlightening. He's a great speaker, and I wish I could have gone to the 3-day class that he gave earlier in the week. Here are some random notes of interestingness that I scribbled down. Perhaps frag will want to add some of his own comments.

• ``$/ tells when to stop reading''
  We all know about the $/ variable, but a new light dawned when Damian said ``$/ tells when to stop reading''. That's why $/ = undef makes Perl read an entire file: There's no definition of when to stop reading. How clear it is now.

• Perl 6 may have the ... operator
  Perl 6 may have the ..., which Damian pronounced as the ``yada yada yada operator.'' You'd use it as a placeholder for undefined code like so:

          sub mangle {
                  ...
                  return 1;
          }
  

  Yes, that's a literal .... Executing mangle() would have Perl kick out a message like ``sub mangle is pending future code''.

• Typeglobs
  ``Typeglobs are like a box of chocolates'', he said, and then explained why in a way that let me finally understand the method behind the madness of typeglobs. Of course, typeglobs are going away in Perl 6.

• Perl's phases
  Big discussion of Perl's 5 phases: BEGIN, CHECK, INIT, execution and END, and when you'd want to use which one.

• The benefits of golf
  He didn't specifically explain that golf in the extreme way we golf here is good, but rather that ``The fewer characters you type, the fewer characters you can get wrong.'' He claims that there's a linear correlation between the number of characters in a system's source code and how many bugs it has.

• Qualifiers, not control structures
  In this code

          foreach ( @foo ) {
                  whack($_);
          }

  the foreach is a control structure.

  In this code:

          whack($_) foreach @foo;

  the foreach is a ``qualifier'', which is why you can't apply it to a block in that syntax.

• Perl optimizes a lot
  The Perl pseudocode has no ifs in it. Anywhere. ``How can that be?'' I asked. He then showed the following reduction:

          if ( $x > 50 ) {
                  do_something();
          }

  is the same as

          ($x > 50) && do_something();

  It's all just a lot of booleans in there.

• The use of the v notation
  Version strings are tracked with the v notation, like v5.6.0, which gives a string equivalent to chr(5).chr(6).chr(0). This is also handy for IP addresses, as in v127.0.0.1.

• Attributes
  Big discussion of attributes and the Attributes::* modules, most of which I didn't note because I don't see any direct application for them in my work. However, Perl 6 is going to make a LOT of use of attributes.

• Object-oriented design
  He presented his Spinal Tap-style list of Ten criteria for object-oriented design. This list will eventually be part of the standard Perl distro.

• What's coming in Perl 6
  Since Damian is sort of Larry's right hand man for language design issues, he's on top of all the changes that are going to be coming. Some of my favorites:
  • Here document improvements
    Here documents won't have to be flush left.

        while ($foo) {
            for ( @list ) {
                print << "END";
                    Here's the text of the message I want to print.
                    Note that I'm not flush left like I would have
                    to be in Perl 5.  The amount of whitespace before
                    the terminating "END" is stripped from the front
                    of each line.
                    END
                } # for
        } # while

    Many of us literally applauded and cheered.

  • Typeglobs go away
    Everything will still be in symbol tables, but not as they are now. The fully qualified name of $foo will be the key in the symbol table, not like it is now, where $foo really means ``the scalar in the foo typeglob''. Also, lexical variables go into their own special symbol table MY.

  • Globals go away
    All the global punctuation variables will go away or become properties of something else. For instance, instead of setting $/, you'll modify the insep() attribute of the file handle in question.

xoxo,
Andy
--
I was dreaming when I wrote this, so sue me if I go too fast.