Is this normal behaviour?

Yes. Note, this is not a Perl issue. The only way environment variables are "shared" is that when a process forks, both parent and child get identical copies. And on an exec, the environment persists.

How can I permanently set PERL5LIB?

Set it in the process that spawns the xterms. Or by setting it in the shell profile that's run each time an xterm starts.

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