#1
   $$_=~/((((((((((.))))))))))/for length$"..length$"x($^F<<$^F).$"x$^F;
   print map$_.$",sort{chr($a)cmp chr($b)}grep!($|eq$_)&&/\d/,keys%::


   #2
   sub r{
     ($_,$a)=@_;$;=join'',/(.)/,$_;print$",length;r($;,$a)if!(length$;eq$a)
   }
   r$",length$"x($^F<<$^F).$"x$^F.$"


   #3
   print $_ for length$"..length$"x($^F<<$^F).$"x$^F