#!/usr/bin/perl
use strict;
use warnings;

my $line = <<TEXT;

Moby-Dick was published in 1851 during a productive time in American literature, which also saw the appearance of Nathaniel Hawthorne's The Scarlet Letter and Harriet Beecher Stowe's Uncle Tom's Cabin. Two actual events served as the genesis for Melville's tale. One was the sinking of the Nantucket ship Essex in 1820, after it was rammed by a large sperm whale 2,000 miles (3,200 km) from the western coast of South America.[4][5][6] First mate Owen Chase, one of eight survivors, recorded the events in his 1821 Narrative of the Most Extraordinary and Distressing Shipwreck of the Whale-Ship Essex.

The other event was the alleged killing in the late 1830s of the albino sperm whale Mocha Dick, in the waters off the Chilean island of Mocha. Mocha Dick was rumored to have twenty or so harpoons in his back from other whalers, and appeared to attack ships with premeditated ferocity. One of his battles with a whaler served as subject for an article by explorer Jeremiah N. Reynolds[7] in the May 1839 issue of The Knickerbocker or New-York Monthly Magazine. Melville was familiar with the article, which described:


TEXT

my $stopwords = "and|that|they|very|you|your|want|are|able|aren|are|but|doesn|the|see|not|most|many|need|needs|look|just|get|from|for|all|this|have|who|with|was|went|when|has|him|his|what|which|while|two";

$line =~ s/[[:punct:]]|[0-9]/ /g;
$line = lc ($line);

$line =~ s/\b(?:$stopwords)\b/ /gi;


my %count_of;

foreach my $word (split /\s+/, $line) {
    length($word) > 2 and $count_of{$word}++;
}

print "All words and their counts: \n";

for my $word (sort keys %count_of) {
    $count_of{$word} > 1 and
        print "'$word': $count_of{$word}\n";
}

__END__