#!/usr/bin/perl

use warnings;
use strict;

use Benchmark;

timethese(1_000_000, {
  'use_shift' => sub { sub_with_shift(0..9) },
  'use_list' => sub { sub_with_list(0..9) },
  'use_direct' => sub { sub_with_direct(0..9) },
});

sub sub_with_shift
{
  my $sum = 0;
  while (@_)
  {
    $sum += shift;
  }
  $sum;
}

sub sub_with_list
{
  my(@a)=@_;
  my $sum = 0;
  $sum += $_
    for @a;
  $sum;
}

sub sub_with_direct
{
  my $sum = 0;
  $sum += $_
    for @_;
  $sum;
}