This will do the job, including comparing different image formats provided they contain the same picture:
#! perl -slw
use strict;
use GD;
GD::Image->trueColor( 1 );
my $img1 = GD::Image->new( $ARGV[ 0 ] );
my $img2 = GD::Image->new( $ARGV[ 1 ] );
die "Different dimensions"
unless $img1->width == $img2->width
and $img1->height == $img2->height;
my $raw1 = $img1->gd;
my $raw2 = $img2->gd;
die "images are different"
unless $raw1 eq $raw2;
print "Images are the same";
__END__
c:\test>cmpImages mandrill.jpg mandrill.png
Images are the same
But be aware, that images that look the same to the our eyes may be quite different in detail.
Examine what is said, not who speaks -- Silence betokens consent -- Love the truth but pardon error.
"Science is about questioning the status quo. Questioning authority".
In the absence of evidence, opinion is indistinguishable from prejudice.
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[d/l] |
> including comparing different image formats provided they contain the same picture
Really? AFAIK png and jpg use compression methods resulting in unpredictable information loss. IMHO converting them to a raw format will not often produce identical data.
Or am I missing a special magic feature?
I think I would rather try to calculate a diff and test the average distance for a threshold passed. Not sure if the result of ->compare can be used for this.
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[d/l] |
Really? IMHO png and jpg use compression methods resulting in unpredictable information loss. IMHO converting them to a raw format will not often produce identical data.
Really. And to resolve your doubts please try it.
The "secret" such as it is, is that the raw format used for the comparison is neither jpg nor png, but libgd's own internal format, which is an uncompressed, lossless format. The images of all formats supported by GD are converted fully expanded into this internal format, and it is this binary representation, returned by the $image->gd method that is being compared in the code I posted. As such, even individual pixel differences are detected.
By way of demonstration, in my post above, I took a jpg image of a mandrill monkey and used an image editor to convert it to a compressed but lossless .png. I then compared those two images and no discrepancies were found.
By way of further demonstration, using the slightly expanded version below, I then edited the ,png version by changing the color of a single pixel on the mandrill's nose, from it's original near white color to pure red. and then compared that against the original .jpg:
c:\test>cmpImages mandrill.png mandrill-2.png
images are different
Process pixels?
Difference at (665:482): [248 248 238] .v. [255 0 0]
As you can see, that single pixel difference was correctly detected by the raw binary compare, and then subsequently isolated using a pixel-by-pixel comparison. Please try it to convince yourself that it is correct.
But do bear in mind my warning above. If, for example, you were to take a ,png image and convert it to a lossy image format such as .jpg, then although the images may appear superficially similar to the human eye, they may be quite different in actuality. This due to the jpeg algorithms practice of substituting a single color for many, closely aligned but mathematically different colors in order to reduce palette sizes and aid compression.
Such lossy transforms will be correctly detected as different, even though cursory, by-eye inspections might adjudge them to be the same.
The expanded code: #! perl -slw
use strict;
use GD;
GD::Image->trueColor( 1 );
my $img1 = GD::Image->new( $ARGV[ 0 ] );
my $img2 = GD::Image->new( $ARGV[ 1 ] );
die "Different dimensions"
unless $img1->width == $img2->width
and $img1->height == $img2->height;
my $raw1 = $img1->gd;
my $raw2 = $img2->gd;
if( $raw1 ne $raw2 ) {
print "images are different";
printf "Process pixels? "; <STDIN>;
for my $y ( 0 .. $img1->height -1 ) {
for my $x ( 0 .. $img1->width -1 ) {
my $p1 = $img1->getPixel( $x, $y );
my $p2 = $img2->getPixel( $x, $y );
if( $p1 != $p2 ) {
print "Difference at ($x:$y): [@{[ $img1->rgb( $p1 ) ]
+}] .v. [@{[ $img2->rgb( $p2 ) ]}]";
}
}
}
}
else {
print "Images are the same";
}
__END__
Examine what is said, not who speaks -- Silence betokens consent -- Love the truth but pardon error.
"Science is about questioning the status quo. Questioning authority".
In the absence of evidence, opinion is indistinguishable from prejudice.
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[d/l]
[select] |
PNG is lossless. It's reason for being was to replace GIF, a lossless format.
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Searching CPAN is often a good place to start; for your specific problem the CPAN Graphics section would be a good choice.
I know the GD module has these methods:
-
($width,$height) = $image->getBounds()
-
$width = $image->width
-
$height = $image->height
-
$flag = $image1->compare($image2)
There may be better choices depending on your application. For instance, if you need to do this within a GUI, Tk::Photo might be more appropriate.
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....Is there a library ...The Image Magick library does it all, and it has a Perl interface.... see perl magick usage
Here is a simple usage of IM, to list all pixels,.... just in case you want to test just one certain pixel. :-)
#!/usr/bin/perl
use warnings;
use strict;
use Image::Magick;
my $file = shift or die "Need a file $!\n";
my $img = Image::Magick->new;
$img->ReadImage($file);
# if you want a pixel by pixel list of every color
# a huge slow output
$img->Set(magick => 'txt');
$img->Write("$0.txt");
##################################################
#histogram
#returned values are an array of
#red, green, blue, opacity, and count values.
my $tot = 0;
my (@colors) = $img->Histogram();
#print join "\n\n", @colors;
while (1){
if (scalar @colors == 0){last}
my $r = shift @colors;
my $g = shift @colors;
my $b = shift @colors;
my $o = shift @colors;
my $count = shift @colors;
$tot++;
print "$count ($r,$g,$b) at $o opacity\n";
}
print "\n$tot total colors\n";
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[d/l] |