sub _derange { my( $cb, $av, $todo, @i ) = @_; return $cb->( @$av[@i] ) if ! @$todo; my( %iseen, %vseen ); @iseen{@i}= (); @vseen{@$av[@i]}= @i; my( $range, @todo )= @$todo; for( @$range ) { _derange( $cb, $av, \@todo, @i, $_ ) if ! exists $seen{$_} and ! exists $vseen{$av->[$_]} || $vseen{$av->[$_]} < $_; } } sub derange(&@) { my $cb= shift @_; _derange( $cb, \@_, [ map { my $x = $_[$_]; [ grep { $_[$_] ne $x } 0..$#_ ] } 0..$#_ ], ); } derange( sub { print "@_\n" }, 1,1,2,2,3 );