sub canonicalize {
    my ($rules, $element) = @_;
    for my $rule (@$rules) {
        my ($key,$action) = @$rule;
        if (exists $element->{ $key }) {
            if (ref $action eq 'CODE') {
                $action->( $element->{ $key } );
            } else {
                warn "Unknown rule type '$action' for element '$key'";
            };
        };
    };
};

my $en_us = [
    [ 'address' => sub { $_[0] =~ s/\bAvenue\b/Ave/ } ],
    [ 'address' => sub { $_[0] =~ s/\bNorthwest$/NW/ } ],
    ...
];
canonicalize($en_us, \%address);