my $x = 3; # start frame of reference for variable $x # start frame of reference for value $x==3 my $y = 3; # start frame of reference for variable $y # start frame of reference for value $y==3 if (3 == $x) { print "$x equals $y.\n"; } # end frame of reference for value $x==3 $x++; # start frame of reference for value $x==4 if (3 == $y) { print "$x equals $y.\n"; } # end frame of reference for value $x==4 # end frame of reference for variable $x # end frame of reference for value $y==3 # end frame of reference for variable $y