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Insight needed: Perl, C, Gtk2, Audio, Threads, IPC & Performance - Oh My!
Processing audio in straight perl can be pretty slow; traversing the parse tree takes a good deal of time, to the point that operations like regex matching have their own hand-optimized C engines.
One alternative to generic perl that is great for processing vector data (like audio streams) is the Perl Data Language, or PDL. The vector and matrix operations are implemented in highly optimized C code and are programmed in a Matlab-like dialect that makes it easy to express DSP algorithms.