Bits Collision set odds (2**32 bits) --- --------- 1e3 0.01% 1e4 1.16% 1e5 68.8% 1e6 100% (to about 50 digits of accuracy) #### use Math::BigApprox 'c'; my $bits = 2**32; my $inserts = 1e5; print 1-(c($bits-$inserts)^c($bits-1))/c($bits)**$inserts, $/; #### Odds Inserts ---- ------- 1% ~28e6 10% ~45e6 50% ~65e6 90% ~83e6 99% ~96e6