#!/usr/bin/perl
use strict;
use warnings;
use 5.010;

my ($lower, $upper) = (40, 100);

for my $range ( [10,17],
                [30,71],
                [42,99],
                [83,120],
                [101,111] ) {

    my $is_within = [(sort {$a <=> $b} $lower, $upper, @$range)[1,2]] ~~ $range;
    
    printf "[@$range] is%s within [$lower $upper]\n", $is_within ? "" : " not";
}

__END__
[10 17] is not within [40 100]
[30 71] is not within [40 100]
[42 99] is within [40 100]
[83 120] is not within [40 100]
[101 111] is not within [40 100]