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$arrayref = [1, 3, 5, 7];
$hashref = {key1=>val1, key2=>val2, key3=>val3};

# want array element - use square brackets
$value = $$arrayref[2];
# want hash element - use curly brackets
$othervalue = $$hashref{key2};

# array of arrays

...
$$array_of_arrays[2].....
# and there are 4 values in 'inner' level, so lets take last one:
$value = $$array_of_arrays[2][3];

# hash of hashes

...
$$hash_of_hashes{key22}.........
# and end with 'inner' key
$$hash_of_hashes{key22}{key4};

$monk1 = 'Jack';
$monk2 = 'John';
...
# see how it looks and where monks reside:
use Data::Dumper;
print Dumper $monastery;

# using @ in join function
$arrayref = $$monastery{'garden'}{'plants'};
...

# monk sitting in church -> in left nave -> in first bank -> as first
print "Monk: ", $$monastery{'church'}{'left nave'}[0][0], "\n";