Yep, copied the code straight from the webpage. Tried stopping and starting Apache several times. Here's some terminal output.
Megan:~ Chuma$ ls -l /Library/WebServer/CGI-Executables/
total 8
-rw-r--r-- 1 root wheel 1074 Dec 17 2012 printenv.vbs
-rw-r--r-- 1 root wheel 1133 Dec 17 2012 printenv.wsf
-rwxr-xr-x@ 1 Chuma staff 157 Feb 3 02:52 test.pl
Megan:~ Chuma$ perl /Library/WebServer/CGI-Executables/test.pl
Content-type: text/html; charset=iso-8859-1
<html><body>Test Page</body></html>Megan:~ Chuma$
kcott: I tried those changes, but now it doesn't work at all - browser says it can't find "localhost".