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package Encoder;

...
   $self->common_stuff($text);
   $self->other_stuff($text);
}

# In Encoder/B.pm
package Encoder::B;
...
   my $new_text = $text;
   $new_text =~ s/a/c/g;
}

use Encoder::B;
use Encoder::Whatever;
...
  return $Encoder_Table{$e}->new();
}

my $encoder = encoder_factory($whatever_e_is);
print $encoder->encode("Hahahaha!");