Clumsy, but use {{ at the debugger prompt before the line(s) you want to "skip over."

Line 25 below, set the "pre-debugger" command to an octothorpe, effectively turning the line in the next debugger step into a comment. You can see the effect at 29.

Line 35 is one way of showing yourself what "pre-debugger" commands are in effect; Line 43 clears all "pre-debugger" commands.

#!/usr/bin/perl
use strict;
use warnings;

my @i = (2..5);

for my $i (@i) {
  $i ++;
  print "foo";
  print " $i\n";
}


=head running under debug:

>perl -d pl_test\test{{.pl

Loading DB routines from perl5db.pl version 1.28
Editor support available.

Enter h or `h h' for help, or `perldoc perldebug' for more help.

main::(pl_test\test{{.pl:5):
5:      my @i = (2..5);
  DB<1> {{ #
  DB<2> s
main::(pl_test\test{{.pl:7):
7:      for my $i (@i) {
auto(-1)  DB<2> #

  DB<2> s
 
  ...

  DB<2> {{
pre-debugger commands:
        {{ -- #
  DB<3> s
foomain::(pl_test\test{{.pl:10):
10:       print " $i\n";
auto(-1)  DB<3> #

  DB<3> { *
All { actions cleared.
  DB<4>

  ... continue normally

=cut
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Update: bolded the first {{ in the narrative.