You've ommitted to set
RaiseError => 1 in your
DBI connect attributes.
Therefore this has been raised as a warning not an error. That's why it's not being caught by CGI::Carp's error handler.
Update:
The following code illustrates, this.
#!/usr/bin/perl
use warnings; use strict;
use CGI::Carp qw/fatalsToBrowser/;
use DBI;
# Without RaiseError
#line 100
my $dbh1 = DBI->connect("dbi:SQLite:my.db","","",);
$dbh1->do("select * from crud"); # bad query on $dbh1
# With RaiseError
#line 200
my $dbh2 = DBI->connect("dbi:SQLite:my.db","","",{RaiseError => 1});
$dbh2->do("select * from crud"); # bad query on $dbh2
The CGI::Carp handler error handler doesn't get invoked until the bad query on $dbh2.