#!/usr/bin/perl -- use strict; use warnings; use Data::Dump; my $utf1 = pack 'H*', join'', qw/61 61 c5 99 0a c4 8d 0a 61 61 c5 99 0a/; my $utf2 = pack 'H*', join'', qw/c4 8d 0a 61 61 c5 99 0a c4 8d 0a/; dd $utf1, $utf2; utf8::decode( $utf1 ); utf8::decode( $utf2 ); dd $utf1, $utf2; for my $string ( $utf1, $utf2 ){ my @lines = split /\n/, $string; for my $line ( @lines ){ if( my($word) = $line =~ /^(.+)$/ ){ my $one = substr $1, 0, 1; my $wone = substr $word, 0, 1; dd { word => $word, 1 => $1, one => $one , wone => $wone }; } } dd \@lines; dd; } __END__ ( "aa\xC5\x99\n\xC4\x8D\naa\xC5\x99\n", "\xC4\x8D\naa\xC5\x99\n\xC4\x8D\n", ) ( "aa\x{159}\n\x{10D}\naa\x{159}\n", "\x{10D}\naa\x{159}\n\x{10D}\n", ) { 1 => "aa\x{159}", one => "a", wone => "a", word => "aa\x{159}" } { 1 => "\x{10D}", one => "Ä", wone => "\x{10D}", word => "\x{10D}" } { 1 => "aa\x{159}", one => "a", wone => "a", word => "aa\x{159}" } ["aa\x{159}", "\x{10D}", "aa\x{159}"] () { 1 => "\x{10D}", one => "Ä", wone => "\x{10D}", word => "\x{10D}" } { 1 => "aa\x{159}", one => "a", wone => "a", word => "aa\x{159}" } { 1 => "\x{10D}", one => "Ä", wone => "\x{10D}", word => "\x{10D}" } ["\x{10D}", "aa\x{159}", "\x{10D}"] ()