Benchmark: timing 100 iterations of w/o study or /o, w/o study with /o, with study and /o, with study w/o /o...
w/o study or /o: 352 wallclock secs (304.41 usr +  8.55 sys = 312.96 CPU)
w/o study with /o: 388 wallclock secs (253.90 usr +  8.33 sys = 262.23 CPU)
with study and /o: 881 wallclock secs (507.50 usr +  8.17 sys = 515.67 CPU)
with study w/o /o: 823 wallclock secs (597.40 usr +  8.31 sys = 605.71 CPU)