use strict;
use warnings;
use 5.010;

use Path::Tiny qw( path );
use Data::Dump qw(dump dd ddx);
use B::Concise qw(set_style add_callback walk_output);

sub concise {
    my $case = shift;
    my $fh;
    say '';
    my $walker = B::Concise::compile( '-src', '-basic', $case );
    $fh = path( 'split_call_' . $case )->openw_utf8;
    #walk_output($fh);
    $walker->();
    say '';
    $walker = B::Concise::compile( '-src', '-exec', $case );
    $walker->();
}

my $pat   = ':';
my $str   = 'a:b:c';
my $limit = -1;
my @par   = ( $pat, $str, $limit );

if (1) {
    sub splitC {
        my @rv = split $_[0], $_[1], $_[2];
        return \@rv;
    }

    ddx splitC(@par);

    concise('splitC');
}

if (1) {
    sub splitC1 {
        my @rv = split $_[0], @_[1,2];
        return \@rv;
    }

    ddx splitC1(@par);

    concise('splitC1');
}

__DATA__

Part of output:

# split_call.pl:34: ["a", "b", "c"]

main::splitC:
8  <1> leavesub[1 ref] K/REFC,1 ->(end)
-     <@> lineseq KP ->8
# 30:         my @rv = split $_[0], $_[1], $_[2];
1        <;> nextstate(main 3 split_call.pl:30) v:*,&,{,x*,x&,x$,$,fea=1 ->2
4        </> split(/":"/ => @rv:3,4)[t5] vK/LVINTRO,ASSIGN,LEX ->5
3           <|> regcomp(other->4) sK ->9
-              <1> ex-aelem sK/2 ->3
-                 <1> ex-rv2av sKR/STRICT,1 ->-
2                    <#> aelemfast[*_] s ->3
-                 <0> ex-const s ->-
-           <1> ex-aelem sK/2 ->a
-              <1> ex-rv2av sKR/STRICT,1 ->-
9                 <#> aelemfast[*_] s/key=1 ->a
-              <0> ex-const s ->-
-           <1> ex-aelem sK/2 ->4
-              <1> ex-rv2av sKR/STRICT,1 ->-
a                 <#> aelemfast[*_] s/key=2 ->4
-              <0> ex-const s ->-
# 31:         return \@rv;
5        <;> nextstate(main 4 split_call.pl:31) v:*,&,{,x*,x&,x$,$,fea=1 ->6
-        <@> return K ->-
-           <0> pushmark s ->6
7           <1> srefgen sK/1 ->8
-              <1> ex-list lKRM ->7
6                 <0> padav[@rv:3,4] lRM ->7

# split_call.pl:45: [-1]

main::splitC1:
i  <1> leavesub[1 ref] K/REFC,1 ->(end)
-     <@> lineseq KP ->i
# 41:         my @rv = split $_[0], @_[1,2];
b        <;> nextstate(main 10 split_call.pl:41) v:*,&,{,x*,x&,x$,$,fea=1 ->c
e        </> split(/":"/ => @rv:10,11)[t5] vK/LVINTRO,ASSIGN,LEX,IMPLIM ->f
d           <|> regcomp(other->e) sK ->j
-              <1> ex-aelem sK/2 ->d
-                 <1> ex-rv2av sKR/STRICT,1 ->-
c                    <#> aelemfast[*_] s ->d
-                 <0> ex-const s ->-
o           <@> aslice sK ->p
j              <0> pushmark s ->k
-              <1> ex-list lK ->m
-                 <0> ex-pushmark s ->k
k                 <$> const[IV 1] s ->l
l                 <$> const[IV 2] s ->m
n              <1> rv2av[t4] sKR/STRICT,1 ->o
m                 <#> gv[*_] s ->n
p           <$> const[IV 0] s ->e
# 42:         return \@rv;
f        <;> nextstate(main 11 split_call.pl:42) v:*,&,{,x*,x&,x$,$,fea=1 ->g
-        <@> return K ->-
-           <0> pushmark s ->g
h           <1> srefgen sK/1 ->i
-              <1> ex-list lKRM ->h
g                 <0> padav[@rv:10,11] lRM ->h