I have encountered similar problems before and I'm not sure either.
Perl has some complicated rules about "definedness" and creating "my" variables within looping statements.
I hope the Monks can further explain this seeming "weirdness".

As a suggestion, I most often use fetchall_arrayref.
Something like:

my $card_ref = $cards->fetchall_arrayref;
foreach my $card (@$card_ref)
{..}
[download]

This does expand the memory used by Perl to include the entire result set. But that is fine if the result set is "small" and the memory used for that result is recycled for further use by Perl. "Small" is a relative term. Nowadays, I would consider a 10,000 line result set as "small".

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