{
my $counter = 0;
sub get_next_counter { ++$counter }
}
get_next_counter() is "closed over" $counter. So, in this instance, get_next_counter() is a closure that is also a named subroutine.
Does that help?
Being right, does not endow the right to be rude; politeness costs nothing.
Being unknowing, is not the same as being stupid.
Expressing a contrary opinion, whether to the individual or the group, is more often a sign of deeper thought than of cantankerous belligerence.
Do not mistake your goals as the only goals; your opinion as the only opinion; your confidence as correctness. Saying you know better is not the same as explaining you know better.