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    sub make_suffix_appender {
        my $suffix = shift;
...
            return $_[0] . $suffix;
        }
    }

    my $bang_appender = make_suffix_appender("!");
    print $bang_appender->("Hello");  # Hello!
    print $bang_appender->("Dude");   # Dude!

    sub apply {
        my $fn = shift;
...
            map { $fn->($_) } @_;
        }
    }

    my $upcase = apply( sub { uc("@_") } );
    print $upcase->("Hello");           # HELLO
...
    my $parenify_each = apply_to_each( $parenify_all );
    print $parenify_all ->("Hello", "world");  # (Hello world)
    print $parenify_each->("Hello", "world");  # (Hello)(world)

    sub make_regex_matcher {
        my $regex = shift;
...
            /$regex/g;
        }
    }

    my $digit_matcher = make_regex_matcher( qr/(\d+)/ );
    my @digits = $digit_matcher->( "123-blah-45-6789" );
...
    my $word_matcher = make_regex_matcher( qr/(\w+)/ );
    my @words = $word_matcher->( "123-blah-45-6789" );
    print "@words";  # 123 blah 45 6789

    sub compose2 {
        my ($f, $g) = @_;
...
        no warnings qw( once );
        reduce { compose2($a,$b) } @_;
    }

    my $up_banger = compose($bang_appender, $upcase);
    print $up_banger->("Hello");  # HELLO!
...
    my $parenify_words = compose($parenify_each, $word_matcher);
    print $parenify_words->( "123-blah-45-6789" );
        # (123)(blah)(45)(6789)

    print compose($parenify_each, $word_matcher)->("a b c");
        # (a)(b)(c)

    print compose($word_matcher, $parenify_each)->("a b c");
        # abc

    my $id = sub { wantarray ? @_ : $_[0] };

    my $fs = 0;
    for my $f ($id, $parenify_all, $parenify_each) {
...
            }
        }
    }

    id--id--id-: Eat more 3.14
    id--id--up-: EAT MORE 3.14
...
    pEa-dig-id-: (3)(14)
    pEa-dig-up-: (3)(14)
    pEa-dig-bng: (3)(14)