Help needed to understand hashes and hashes of arrays

[D'Femstar]

Hi Readers and helpers, I am trying to count the occurreneces of the various elements of the keys of the Hash.More than one occurrence of the key occurs in the hash. I need to group all the keys and get the occurrences of each of their values

use XML::TreeBuilder;
        
sub tokenizefast ($) {

    $line = $_[0];
    $line =~ s/^\s*//;
    $line =~ s/\s*$//;

    # split into words to respect word boundaries
    # and ignore space-containing bigrams
    @words = split /\s+/, $line;
    @ngrams = @words; #a copy
    @ngramLengths = (2,3);
    #now perform the grouping
    foreach $slength (@ngramLengths) {
            for(my $i=0;$i+$slength<=$#words+1;$i++){
                     my @tempwords= @words;
      #              print "tempwords: i: $i length $slength " ;
print @tempwords ; print  "\n";
                    @tsome = splice(@tempwords,$i,$slength);
         #           print "after splice: ";
print @tsome; print "\n";
                    push(@ngrams,join(" ",@tsome));
            }
    }
    return @ngrams;

}
## end of tokenize function

my $file= 'swbd_50k_42tags.xml';
my $tree = XML::TreeBuilder->new();
my %textHash;
$tree->parse_file($file);

foreach my $dialogue ($tree->find_by_tag_name ('dialogue')){
            $dialogue_name = $dialogue->attr_get_i('name');
        foreach my $turn ($dialogue->find_by_tag_name('turn')){
            $turn_no = $turn->attr_get_i('no');
            $turn_speaker = $turn->attr_get_i('speaker');

            foreach my $utt ($dialogue->find_by_tag_name('utt')){
                $da = $utt->attr_get_i('da');
                $id = $utt->attr_get_i('id');
                $inline = $utt->as_text;
                @textarray = tokenizefast( $inline);
#                print join(",",@textarray); print "\n";
                if ($textHash{$da}) {
                    @someArray  = @{ $textHash{$da} };
                    push @someArray , @textarray;
                    #print @someArray;
                }
                else {
                    $textHash{$da} = [ @textarray];
                }
            }
        }
}
# extract different elements of xml doc

#write the final thing to a file
for $somekey (keys %textHash) {
    @ans = @{ $textHash{$somekey} };
     print " the key: $somekey" ;print " text {" ;
    print join(", ", @ans);
    print "}\n";
}

20050404 Edit by ysth: code tags

Retitled by BazB from 'Cry for Help'.

[tall_man]

It looks like you want a hash of array references, and in fact you came close. The flaw is when you tried to add to the array:

   # Bad - creates a new copy of the array.
   #@someArray  = @{ $textHash{$da} };
   #push @someArray , @textarray;

   # Do this instead.  This adds more to the referenced array.
   push @{ $textHash{$da} }, @textarray;

[Nevtlathiel]

You can't have a key occur more than once in a hash, they have to be unique.

[Jaap]

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