Version 2 of SQLite stores all column values as ASCII text. Version 3 enhances this by providing the ability to store integer and real numbers in a more compact format and the capability to store BLOB data.
Yes but, unless you enable the strict affinity mode, any column (apart from integer primary keys) can be used to store any type - just like V2. So unless you want typing-by-column you don't have to have it.
It's just like Perl and has value-based typing rather than container based typing (unless you ask for it), V3 just has more effective representations at the back end.
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