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in reply to Re^5: Assigning value through references
in thread Assigning value through references

$ref{$key}{NAME} and ${$ref}{$key}{NAME} are two completely different things. But you can say that the latter is another form of arrow notation (the first arrow, because it's a dereference operator), so they are both a hash reference.
my $env = \%ENV; print $env->{SHELL}; print ${$env}{SHELL}; print $env{SHELL}; # barks under strict, undefined otherwise # output: /bin/bash /bin/bash

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