a submodule of Graph—if that terminology makes sense
In some languages, but [un]fortunately not in Perl.
an artifact of working with directed graphics
One method name is as good as another. I originally sought to solve this using undirected graphs, but switched because it looks (lacking any other information) that the input graph is directed. If you treat the graph as undirected, then you might have b,a in the output when the input edge was a,b, and I'd rather have not made the assumption that that would be valid.
What lacks in both methods is a way to get the result in terms of edges rather than vertices. This forced me to do a bit more work to retrieve the relevant original edges from the vertices returned.
Between the mind which plans and the hands which build, there must be a mediator... and this mediator must be the heart.