my $pattern = shift(@ARGV);
my $re = qr/$pattern/;

FILE:
foreach my $filename (@ARGV) {
   open(my $fh, '<', $filename)
      or do {
         warn("Unable to open $filename: $!\n");
         next;
      };

   while (<$fh>) {
      next FILE if /$re/;
   }

   print("$filename\n");
}