when you pass a numeric value greater than 255 to chr, it must return a wide character.
There is no "must" about it. It should be the case that unless I specifically ask for Unicrap, characters should be assumed to be 8-bits.
I'm afraid I don't quite understand the reason(s) for what happens when the "use bytes" pragma is added -- if I've done it right, the only difference is to eliminate the warning message about the "wrapped character in unpack"
You're right. It does just enough to lull you into a false sense of security; then sneaks around behind and kicks you in the nuts!
Rant:
Is it the case that you got the particular pattern of zeros and ones you expected, and were just complaining about the warning message?)
No. I wanted the shift to discard the high bit, as it does with integers:
$n <<= 1; print unpack 'B*', pack 'N', $n;;
10101011010101001010101101010100
$n <<= 1; print unpack 'B*', pack 'N', $n;;
01010110101010010101011010101000
$n <<= 1; print unpack 'B*', pack 'N', $n;;
10101101010100101010110101010000
Unfortunately, Unicrap (and Perl's implementation of Unicrap) conspire such that you can no longer rely upon simple byte semantics.
The idea that a string (a good old array of bytes) can suddenly contain a random Unicrap character in a program that doesn't (and doesn't want to) use any Unicrap, is a farce!
With the rise and rise of 'Social' network sites: 'Computers are making people easier to use everyday'
Examine what is said, not who speaks -- Silence betokens consent -- Love the truth but pardon error.
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With all due respect for your justifiable anger, I'm sorry to disagree; "chr()" is - and rightly should be - intended to serve the (dominant) linguistic sense of "character" (what the perl docs call "character semantics"), rather than the strictly-typed, C-centric sense of "char" (what the perl docs call "octets" or "byte semantics").
In other words, when you want to do low-level, C-like bit twiddling, just use pack and unpack - that's what those are for - and give up on pretending that higher-level, linguistically oriented functions (chr and ord) can do the same thing.
I agree how sad it is that every user must pay the performance cost of unicode support, whether or not they actually need or use it. But then, it's also sad that every script must pay the overhead for untyped variables, no matter how much of that flexibility is actually needed or used.
UPDATE: Having said that, I realize I'm probably still deficient in my understanding of your particular example. You said you "wanted the shift to discard the high bit, as it does with integers", and if I'm not mistaken (am I?), that's actually what happens, with or without the "use bytes" pragma (i.e. with or without the warning). Here's a simpler example - am I missing something?
#use bytes;
$x = "\xAA";
print unpack 'B*', $x;
print " --> ";
$x = chr( ord( $x ) << 1 );
print unpack 'B*', $x;
print "\n---\n";
$x = pack( "C*", 0xAA );
print unpack 'B*', $x;
print " --> ";
$x = pack( "C", unpack( "C", $x ) << 1 );
print unpack 'B*', $x;
print "\n---\n";
When I run that, I get:
Character in 'B' format wrapped in unpack at /tmp/j1.pl line 7.
10101010 --> 01010100
---
Character in 'C' format wrapped in pack at /tmp/j1.pl line 14.
10101010 --> 01010100
---
(Note the warning from using the "C" format on pack.) Looks to me like the high bit got shifted off in both cases - no difference. When I uncomment the "use bytes", the only difference I see is that the "B" format warning goes away (but the "C" format warning still shows up.) Is there a problem I'm not seeing?
In case it matters, I'm using perl 5.18 on macosx 10.10.2 ("yoesemite"). | [reply]
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I'm sorry to disagree
I guess we'll have to agree to differ; but the fact that Perl allows me to replace an (8-bit) character, in the middle of a string of 8-bit characters, with some (random*) wide character is just broken.
"chr()" is - and rightly should be - intended to serve the (dominant) linguistic sense of "character" (what the perl docs call "character semantics")
To what possible end?
When you do my $thing = chr( 12345 ); what does that "character" represent?
Is a Chinese character? Or Sanskrit? Or Cyrillic?
Is it utf-8; utf16; utf32?
Is it big-endian or little-endian?
What if I append another character to it: $thing .= chr( $i );. What does string contain now? Can Perl ever decide what encoding $thing contains?
And the answer to all of those questions is: it is impossible to ever know. Thus, chr's ability to construct wide characters is entirely useless.
So, you break with clearly defined semantics for undefined and undefinable semantics, for what purpose?
With the rise and rise of 'Social' network sites: 'Computers are making people easier to use everyday'
Examine what is said, not who speaks -- Silence betokens consent -- Love the truth but pardon error.
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