$ perl -E 'say ((defined $x) ? "defined" : "undef")' undef $ perl -E 'say ((defined defined $x) ? "defined" : "undef")' defined $ perl -E '$x = 1; say ((defined $x) ? "defined" : "undef")' defined $ perl -E '$x = 1; say ((defined defined $x) ? "defined" : "undef")' defined