Colour.pm

[OeufMayo]

Category:

Graphics related programs

Description:

The purpose of this module is to easily convert between RGB and HSV (or HSB) values. The main interest in doing so is because the HSV system is a more user-friendly system than the RGB one.

Update: Apparently, someone thought about it before me! :)

package Colour;
# Colour conversion to/from RGB/HSV

use strict;

=head1 NAME

 Colour - Colour conversion RGB <=> HSV

=head1 SYNOPSIS

 use Colour;
 
 my @rgb = (255,153,102);        # Pale Brown
 @rgb = map {$_ /= 255 } @rgb;    # Convert to values from 0 to 1
 print "HSV values: ", (join ",", RGBtoHSV(@rgb)), "\n";

 my @hsv = (20, 0.6, 1);        # Pale Brown
 print "RGB values: ", (join ",", HSVtoRGB(@hsv)), "\n";

=head1 DESCRIPTION

The purpose of this module is to easily convert between RGB and
HSV (or HSB) values. The main interest in doing so is that
the HSV system is more user-friendly than the RGB.

The Hue is the 'tone' of the color. It's the most awkward parameter
to set since you're not supposed to know that values around 240 are
for blues or values around 60 are for yellows. A 'circle of color' 
is not very hard to find though...

The Saturation value is the 'amount' of color you want, ranging from
white (no color) to the full color.

The Value (or Brightness) is the 'lightness' of the color. A low 
value makes the color black whereas high value makes 
the color brighter.

This module is stolen from 
http://www.cs.rit.edu/~ncs/color/t_convert.html

thanks to [merlyn] and [Rudif] for pointing me to the URL.

=cut

use v5.6.0;    # not too hard to tweak otherwise :)
require Exporter;
our @ISA = qw(Exporter);
our @EXPORT = qw(RGBtoHSV HSVtoRGB);
our $VERSION = 0.1;

#use POSIX;

=head1 DESCRIPTION

=head2 RGBtoHSV($r, $g, $b)

The three RGB values ranges from 0 to 1. The function returns a 
three element array with the HSV values in it.

=cut

sub RGBtoHSV {
    my ($r, $g, $b) = @_;

    my ($h, $s, $v);
    my ($min, $max, $delta);
    
    ($min, undef, $max) = sort ($r, $g, $b);
    
    $v = $max;
    $delta = $max - $min;
    
    if( $max != 0 ){
        $s = $delta / $max;
    }
    else {
        # $r = $g = $b = 0        # $s = 0, $v is undef
        $s = 0;
        $h = -1;
        return ($h, $s, $v);
    }
    
    if( $r == $max ){
        $h = ( $g - $b ) / $delta;        # between yellow & magenta
    }
    elsif( $g == $max ){
        $h = 2 + ( $b - $r ) / $delta;    # between cyan & yellow
    }
    else {
        $h = 4 + ( $r - $g ) / $delta;    # between magenta & cyan
    }
        
    $h *= 60;                # degrees
    if( $h < 0 ){
        $h += 360;
    }
    return ($h, $s, $v);
}

=head2 HSVtoRGB ($h, $s, $v)

The $h (hue) is in degrees, ranging from 0 to 360. The two
other values, $s (saturation) and $v (value, brightness) are
ranging from 0 to 1.

If the saturation is set to 0, the colour resulting will be
in grayscale (each RGB value being the same).

=cut

sub HSVtoRGB {
    my ($h, $s, $v) = @_;
    my ($r, $g, $b);
    
    my($i, $f, $p, $q, $t);
    
    if( $s == 0 ) {
        # achromatic (grey)
        $r = $g = $b = $v;
        return ($r, $g, $b);
    }
    $h /= 60;            # sector 0 to 5
    
    #$i = floor( $h );
    $i = $h =~ /^(\d+)\./; # substitute for POSIX::floor function?
    
    $f = $h - $i;        # factorial part of h
    $p = $v * ( 1 - $s );
    $q = $v * ( 1 - $s * $f );
    $t = $v * ( 1 - $s * ( 1 - $f ) );

    if    ($i == 0){ ($r, $g, $b) = ($v, $t, $p)}
    elsif ($i == 1){ ($r, $g, $b) = ($q, $v, $p)}
    elsif ($i == 2){ ($r, $g, $b) = ($p, $v, $t)}
    elsif ($i == 3){ ($r, $g, $b) = ($p, $q, $v)}
    elsif ($i == 4){ ($r, $g, $b) = ($t, $p, $v)}
    else           { ($r, $g, $b) = ($v, $p, $q)}    # if 5
}

=head1 EXPORTS

Both functions are exported.

=cut

"She comes in color everywhere";