What you defined is not what you need:
%chores = (Monday => "dishes",
1 => "Tuesday",
vacuum => "2",
Wednesday => "garbage",
"3");
Under
warnings, you would have got
Odd number of elements in hash assignment
To solve your problem, you need a hash of arrays:
my %chores = (Monday => ["dishes" , "1"],
Tuesday => ["vacuum" , "2"],
Wednesday => ["garbage" , "3"]);
my $value = join ' ', @{ $chores{Wednesday} };
print "$value\n";
See
Perl Data Structures Cookbook and
Perl references and nested data structures for details.