App::cpaminus (respectively http://cpanmin.us) is a self-contained single file, so you can copy it as you like.
For your development environment, I really, really recommend that you have a Perl 5.8.x readily available for testing because 5.8.x is really far behind the times and there are many modules that have problems with the module versions shipped with 5.8. Testing your stuff against 5.8 is important.
For the long term view on deployment, in your case I would look at CPAN::Mini or Carmel or Pinto to maintain your own curated CPAN mirror that gets synchronized from time to time with the mainstream CPAN but is usable from within your network.